Investigation of Evaporative Removal of $^{3}$He from Liquid $^{4}$He for the nEDM Experiment

The discovery of a nonzero electric dipole moment for the neutron (nEDM) would have a fundamental impact upon the current understanding of the weak and strong nuclear interactions. A non-zero value at the order expected in the proposed experiment (10$^{-28} \quad e$ \textit{cm}) would indicate new sources of T and CP violation, thereby either extending or disproving aspects of the Standard Model. In the nEDM experiment, neutrons are trapped in liquid helium, doped with trace amounts of polarized $^{3}$He, in parallel magnetic and electric fields, causing them to precess. The effect of the electric field upon the precession frequency of the neutron can then be used to characterize the neutron charge distribution. As the $^{3}$He depolarizes, it must be removed before repeating the doping process. We are developing an evaporative purification technique that can facilitate this removal, thereby lowering the concentration of $^{3}$He in $^{4}$He from approximately 10$^{-10}$ to 10$^{-12}$, at an operating temperature between 250 mK and 500 mK.