Dark Energy Does Not Exist

Edward Hubble in early 1900s observed red shifts for galaxies outside our solar system and found red shifts increasing linearly with distance. Modern telescopes looking at larger distances found a limit for use of red shift for extremely remote galaxies. Two ways of finding distances are (a) the light received (magnitude), and (b) the associated red shift. For very remote galaxies magnitude distances was larger than distances from red shift. Differences are wrongly explained by acceleration of receding velocities of these remote galaxies. Dark Energy was used to supply acceleration energy. Red shift is due to an increase in wavelength of the light, plus reduced energy and frequency of photons. Photon energy approaches zero with distance and must approach zero asymptotically and never is negative. This explains differences between very large distances determined optically and by red shift. There is no acceleration - Dark Energy is not needed. It is (wrongly) suggested that Dark Energy adds to Dark Matter by Einstein's relation between energy and matter. We also question the use of red shift to show the expanding velocity through the Doppler effect [1]. \\[4pt] [1] \textit{The Misunderstood Universe}, Aisenberg, S., (New York, {\copyright} 2009)