Quantum information transfer from black holes: violent vs. nonviolent nonlocality

For a unitary resolution of the black hole information crisis preserving basic features of the semiclassical picture of black holes, quantum information must transfer from the black hole interior to its exterior environment. If described in reference to the semiclassical geometry, this transfer is nonlocal. An important question is whether it must be violent, with high-energy damage to infalling observers near the horizon. An alternative, exploiting the apparent nonlocality, is information transfer into softer modes in the black hole atmosphere.