Dark energy from vacuum pairs

In a previous paper, April 2018 Meeting Y13.00003, we proposed that vacuum pairs could account for cosmic inflation . We here propose that vacuum pairs may also account for dark energy. Vacuum pairs represent the transient fluctuations of quantum fields and have the following properties: they are composed of particles with opposite polarizations and momenta; have positive (bosonic) or negative (fermionic ) energies; being critically damped in both space and time, all pairs satisfy the relativistic energy-momentum relationship and thus are physical transient particles; all pairs have zero electrical and color charge; all pairs of a given energy are indistinguishable except for symmetry. Thus bosonic and fermionic pairs of the same energy have the same energy density although differing in sign, thereby making the net vacuum energy density identically zero when both symmetries are present. But up to the threshold energy for the creation of the lightest fermion, the electron neutrino, only the bosonic photon pairs are present. The net vacuum energy density is then the energy density associated with the threshold energy of the electron neutrino. This net energy is equal to the observed dark energy if the mass of the electron neutrino is a reasonable 4.5 meV.