Poster Session I (4:00 pm - 6:00 pm)

Presentations

• QUANTUM GASES IN LOW DIMENSIONS

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• Atom and Electron Pump Based on Oscillating Wells: Classical versus Quantum features

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Joshua Garner

    Kutztown University of Pennsylvania

  • Kevin Ruppert

    Kutztown University of Pennsylvania

  • Kunal Das

    Kutztown University of Pennsylvania

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• Implementation of an adjustable-length cavity/BEC system for multimode cQED

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Alexander Papageorge

    Stanford University

  • Alicia Kollar

    Stanford University

  • Benjamin Lev

    Stanford University

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• Preparing and probing many-body correlated systems in a Quantum Gas Microscope by engineering arbitrary landscape potentials

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Matthew Rispoli

    Harvard University

  • Alexander Lukin

    Harvard University

  • Ruichao Ma

    Harvard University

  • Philipp Preiss

    Harvard University

  • Eric Tai

    Harvard University

  • Rajibul Islam

    Harvard University

  • Markus Greiner

    Harvard University

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• Towards measuring the transport properties of quantum mixtures in 1D rings

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Yanping Cai

    Dartmouth

  • Kevin Wright

    Dartmouth

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• Phase diagrams for mass-imbalanced few-body systems in one dimension

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Connor Morehead

    Trinity University

  • Nirav Mehta

    Trinity University

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• Characterizing spin-charge separation using Bragg spectroscopy

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Seth T. Coleman

    Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX

  • Tsung-Lin Yang

    Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX

  • Randy Hulet

    Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Rice University

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• One-dimensional Fermi gas with a single impurity in a harmonic trap: Perturbative description of the upper branch

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Seyed Ebrahim Gharashi

    Washington State University

  • X.Y. Yin

    Washington State University

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• TRANSPORT AND OUT-OF-EQUILIBRIUM DYNAMICS WITH ULTRACOLD ATOMS

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• Correlated Quantum Dynamics of a Single Atom Collisionally Coupled to an Ultracold Finite Bosonic Ensemble

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Sven Kr\"onke

    Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  View abstract →

• Thermalization vs. Localization in the Disordered Hubbard Model

  POSTER

  Authors

  • William Morong

    University of Illinois

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. 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Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Brian DeMarco

    Univ of Illinois - Urbana, University of Illinois

  View abstract →

• Solution of the Fr\"ohlich polaron problem at intermediate couplings

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Fabian Grusdt

    University of Kaiserslautern and Graduate School Material Science in MAINZ and Department of Physics, Harvard University, University of Kaiserslautern

  • Yulia E. Shchadilova

    Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo and Department of Physics, Harvard University

  • Alexey N. Rubtsov

    Department of Physics, Moscow State University and Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo

  • Eugene Demler

    Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, Department of Physics, Harvard University

  View abstract →

• Measurement-induced Localization in an Ultracold Lattice Gas

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Srivatsan Chakram

    Cornell University

  • Yogesh Sharad Patil

    Cornell University

  • Mukund Vengalattore

    Cornell University

  View abstract →

• Decoherence and tunneling of an interacting gas

  POSTER

  Authors

  • James Anglin

    TU Kaiserslautern

  • Luis Rico-Perez

    TU Kaiserslautern

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. 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• An Effective Collision Rate Model for Atomtronic Devices

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Cameron J.E. Straatsma

    Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, and Department of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Non-Equilibrium Dynamics of Fermi Gases Near A Scattering Resonance

  POSTER

  Authors

  • S. Trotzky

    University of Toronto

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • J. H. Thywissen

    University of Toronto

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• Positive and negative quenches induced excitation dynamics for ultracold bosons in one-dimensional lattices

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Simeon Mistakidis

    Zentrum f\"{u}r Optische Quantentechnologien, Universit\"{a}t Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany

  • Lushuai Cao

    Hamburg University, Zentrum f\"{u}r Optische Quantentechnologien, Universit\"{a}t Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany

  • Peter Schmelcher

    Centre for Optical Quantum Technologies, Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg University, Zentrum f\"{u}r Optische Quantentechnologien, Universit\"{a}t Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany

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• SPINOR GASES AND MAGNETIC PHENOMENA

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• Dynamics of a spinor atom-SQUID

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Ranchu Mathew

    Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland

  • Eite Tiesinga

    JQI, QuICS, and NIST, NIST, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and National Institute of Standards and Technology

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• Decay of an isolated monopole into a Dirac monopole

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Konstantin Tiurev

    QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland

  • Emmi Ruokokoski

    QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland

  • Harri M\"akel\"a

    QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • David Hall

    Department of Physics, Amherst College, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002-5000, USA

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• Quantum Phase Transitions and Adiabatic Control of Ferromagnetic Spin-1 BEC

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Thai Hoang

    Georgia Inst of Tech

  • Martin Anquez

    Georgia Inst of Tech

  • Bryce Robbins

    Georgia Inst of Tech

  • Bharath Madhusudhana

    Georgia Inst of Tech

  • Matthew Boguslawski

    Georgia Inst of Tech

  • Michael Chapman

    Georgia Inst of Tech

  View abstract →

• Kibble-Zurek Mechanism in a Spin-1 Ferromagnetic BEC

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Martin Anquez

    Georgia Inst of Tech

  • Bryce Robbins

    Georgia Inst of Tech

  • Bharath Madhusudhana

    Georgia Inst of Tech

  • Matthew Boguslawski

    Georgia Inst of Tech

  • Thai Hoang

    Georgia Inst of Tech

  • Michael Chapman

    Georgia Inst of Tech

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• Formation and dynamics of anti-ferromagnetic correlations using ultracold fermions

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Michael Messer

    ETH Zurich

  • Daniel Greif

    ETH Zurich

  • Gregor Jotzu

    ETH Zurich

  • Frederik G\"{o}rg

    ETH Zurich

  • R\'{e}mi Desbuquois

    ETH Zurich

  • Tilman Esslinger

    ETH Z\"urich, ETH Zurich

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• ULTRACOLD COLLISIONS AND PHTOASSOCIATION PROCESSES

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• Preparation for Acceleration and Deceleration of Cold Rydberg Atoms in the Field of a Charged Wire

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Anne Goodsell

    Middlebury College

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Electron Forced Evaporative Cooling in Ultracold Plasmas

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Craig Witte

    Colorado State University

  • Jacob Roberts

    Colorado State University, Colorao State University

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• Production of Ultracold Molecules with Chirped Nanosecond-Time-scale Pulses

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Jennifer Carini

    Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Production and all-optical deceleration of molecular beams

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Gary Chen

    UCLA

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. 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Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. 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M. 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• Ultralong-Range Cs D-State Rydberg Molecules

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  Authors

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    University of Oklahoma

  • Margarita Reschke

    University of Stuttgart

  • John Furneaux

    University of Oklahoma

  • Donald Booth

    University of Oklahoma

  • James Shaffer

    University of Oklahoma

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• Quantum dynamics of Li+HF$\to$LiF+H reaction at low temperatures

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  • Balakrishnan Naduvalath

    University of Nevada Las Vegas, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, UNLV

  • Jisha Hazra

    University of Nevada Las Vegas, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, Univerity of Nevada Las Vegas

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• Towards producing ultracold CaNa$^+$ molecular ions in the ground electronic state

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  • Marko Gacesa

    University of Connecticut - Storrs, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA

  • John A. Montgomery

    University of Connecticut - Storrs

  • Harvey H. Michels

    University of Connecticut - Storrs

  • Robin C\^ot\'e

    University of Connecticut - Storrs, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA

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• Ultracold three-body recombination and Efimov physics under partial confinement

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  • Jose D'Incao

    JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Heteronuclear three-body parameter pinned down by multichannel spinor model

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Yujun Wang

    Kansas State University, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506

  • Paul S. Julienne

    Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, Maryland 20742, Joint Quantum Institute (JQI), NIST and the University of Maryland

  • Chris H. Greene

    Purdue University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, Purdue Uniersity, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2036, Purdue Univ

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• Towards Photoassociation in 87RB BEC with raman light-induced synthetic gauge fields

  POSTER

  Authors

  • David Blasing

    Purdue University

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Quantum Defect Theory for Ultracold State-Resolved Chemistry

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Jisha Hazra

    University of Nevada Las Vegas, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, Univerity of Nevada Las Vegas

  • Brandon Ruzic

    JILA, NIST, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder

  • John Bohn

    JILA; NIST; University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA; NIST: U. of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, JILA, NIST, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and the University of Colorado

  • Balakrishnan Naduvalath

    University of Nevada Las Vegas, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, UNLV

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• Fundamental Interactions for Atom Interferometry with Ultracold Quantum Gases in a Microgravity Environment

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Jose D'Incao

    JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• COLD RYDBERG GASES AND PLASMAS

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• Magic wavelengths for the 5s-18s transition in rubidium

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Elizabeth Goldschmidt

    NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Joint Quantum Institute

  • David Norris

    Joint Quantum Institute

  • Silvio Koller

    NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Joint Quantum Institute

  • Robert Wyllie

    NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Joint Quantum Institute

  • Roger Brown

    Joint Quantum Institute

  • Trey Porto

    NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Joint Quantum Institute

  • Ulyana Safronova

    University of Nevada, Reno

  • Marianna Safronova

    University of Delaware and JQI, NIST and the University of Maryland, University of Delaware and Joint Quantum Institute

  View abstract →

• Single-Photon Switch Based on Rydberg Blockade

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Simon Baur

    Max-Planck-Institut for Quantum Optics, Max-Planck-Institute for Quantum Optics

  • Daniel Tiarks

    Max-Planck-Institut for Quantum Optics, Max-Planck-Institute for Quantum Optics

  • Gerhard Rempe

    Max-Planck-Institute for quantum optics, Max-Planck-Institute for quantum optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, 85748 Garching, Max-Planck-Institute for Quantum Optics

  • Stephan Duerr

    Max-Planck-Institut for Quantum Optics, Max-Planck-Institute for Quantum Optics

  View abstract →

• Creation, Control, and Detection of Rydberg Excitations in Ultracold Strontium

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Joseph Whalen

    Rice University, Rice Univ

  • Roger Ding

    Rice Univ

  • Francisco Camargo

    Rice University, Rice Univ

  • Germano Woehl Junior

    Rice Univ

  • F. Barry Dunning

    Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Rice University, Rice Univ

  • Thomas Killian

    Rice University, Rice Univ

  View abstract →

• Producing Quantum Degenerate Gases of Strontium

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Francisco Camargo

    Rice University, Rice Univ

  • Roger Ding

    Rice University

  • Joseph Whalen

    Rice University, Rice Univ

  • Germano Woehl

    Rice University

  • Barry Dunning

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Rice University

  • Thomas Killian

    Rice University, Rice Univ

  View abstract →

• Dual-Species Ultracold Neutral Plasma

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Daniel Woodbury

    Brigham Young University

  • Alex Erikson

    Brigham Young University

  • Scott Bergeson

    Brigham Young University

  View abstract →

• Enhanced Selective Field Ionization with Optical Dumping

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Vincent C. Gregoric

    Bryn Mawr College

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Laser-cooling ions in an ultracold neutral plasma

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  Authors

  • Daniel Crunkleton

    Brigham Young University

  • Kyle Schneider

    Brigham Young University

  • Kade Bishop

    Brigham Young University

  • Scott Bergeson

    Bri

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• QUANTUM NETWORKS AND PROTOCOLS

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• Towards Quantum Teleportation Between a Photonic Qubit and a Quantum Dot Spin State

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  • Jia Jun Wong

    Univ of Illinois - Urbana

  • Jian Yang

    Univ of Illinois - Urbana

  • Paul Kwiat

    Univ of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Illinois - Urbana

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• Directional photon emission from entangled atomic ensembles

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  • Minho Kwon

    University of Wisconsin

  • Matt Ebert

    University of Wisconsin

  • Thad Walker

    University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Wisconsin Madison, University of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin, Madison

  • Mark Saffman

    University of Wisconsin, Madison, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI., University of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Madison

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• Entangled optical clocks via Rydberg blockade

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  Authors

  • Peter Komar

    Harvard University

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. 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• Polarization-Independent Photon Quantum Memorywith Variable Time Delay

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  • Michelle Victora

    University of Illinois - Urbana

  • Jia Jun Wong

    University of Illinois - Urbana

  • Paul Kwiat

    Univ of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Illinois - Urbana

  • Bradley Christensen

    University of Illinois, University of Illinois - Urbana

  • Kevin McCusker

    Northwestern University, University of Notre Dame

  • Michael Goggin

    Truman State University

  • Nick LaRacuente

    University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois - Urbana

  • Austin Graf

    University of Illinois - Urbana

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    Stony Brook University

  • Thomas Mittiga

    Stony Brook University

  • Connor Kupchak

    Stony Brook University

  • Sam Rind

    Stony Brook University

  • Eden Figueroa

    State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Stony Brook University

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• Characterization and Mitigation of Anomalous Motional Heating in Surface-Electrode Ion Traps

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  • Robert McConnell

    MIT Lincoln Laboratory

  • Colin Bruzewicz

    MIT Lincoln Lab, MIT Lincoln Laboratory

  • John Chiaverini

    MIT Lincoln Laboratory

  • Jeremy Sage

    MIT Lincoln Laboratory

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• Microfabrication of Surface Ion Trap Chip and State Manipulation of Single 171Yb$+$ Qubit

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  • Seokjun Hong

    ASRI/ISRC and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University

  • Minjae Lee

    ASRI/ISRC and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University

  • Hongjin Cheon

    ASRI/ISRC and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University

  • Jun Sik Ahn

    Quantum Tech. Lab., SK Telecom

  • Taehyun Kim

    Quantum Tech. Lab., SK Telecom

  • Dong-il "Dan" Cho

    ASRI/ISRC and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University

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• A modular barium ion trap experiment for quantum information and remote entanglement

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    Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD

  • Qudsia Quraishi

    Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD

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• ATOMIC CLOCKS

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  • Ulyana Safronova

    University of Nevada, Reno

  • Vladimir Dzuba

    Univ of New South Wales, UNSW, Australia

  • Marianna Safronova

    University of Delaware and JQI, NIST and the University of Maryland, University of Delaware and Joint Quantum Institute

  • Victor Flambaum

    UNSW, Australia

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• Development of a compact cold atom clock with a cylindrical cavity

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  • Liang Liu

    Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - 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Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. 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Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Mitigating aliasing in atomic clocks

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Hermann Uys

    National Laser Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - 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  • Jarrah Sastrawan

    School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

  • Michael Biercuk

    School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

  View abstract →

• Precision Measurements with a Molecular Clock

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Andrew Grier

    Department of Physics, Columbia University

  • Mickey McDonald

    Department of Physics, Columbia University

  • Bart McGuyer

    Department of Physics, Columbia University

  • Geoffrey Iwata

    Department of Physics, Columbia University

  • Florian Apfelbeck

    Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich

  • Marco Tarallo

    Columbia University, Department of Physics, Columbia University

  • Tanya Zelevinsky

    Columbia University, Department of Physics, Columbia University

  View abstract →

• Controlling higher-order Stark effects in an Yb optical lattice clock

  POSTER

  Authors

  • W.F. McGrew

    NIST

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. 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Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. 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Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - 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Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Progress with a green astro-comb for exoplanet searches

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Chih-Hao Li

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

  • Alexander G. Glenday

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

  • David F. Phillips

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

  • Nicholas Langellier

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

  • Guoqing Chang

    Physics Dept., Hamburg University, DESY and MIT

  • Gabor Furesz

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  • Franz X. Kaertner

    Physics Dept., Hamburg University, DESY and MIT

  • Dimitar Sasselov

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

  • Andrew Szentgyorgyi

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

  • Ronald L. Walsworth

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA., Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA

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• Detecting Gravitational Wave Time Dilation Using Space-Based Atomic Clocks

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Nicholas Langellier

    Harvard University

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  View abstract →

• A Sr clock with total uncertainty of $2\times 10^{-18}$ and development of the new apparatus

  POSTER

  Authors

  • G. Edward Marti

    JILA, CU Boulder; UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, JILA, CU Boulder

  • Rees Mcnally

    JILA, CU Boulder

  • Travis Nicholson

    JILA, CU Boulder

  • Sara Campbell

    JILA, CU Boulder

  • Ross Hutson

    JILA, CU Boulder

  • Jun Ye

    JILA/University of Colorado-Boulder, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder

  View abstract →

• PRECISION MEASUREMENTS

  View abstract →

• Radiokrypton dating with Atom Trap Trace Analysis

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Wei Jiang

    Argonne National Laboratory

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - 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Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• High-precision Stark-shift measurements in excited states of indium using an atomic beam

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Benjamin Augenbraun

    Williams College Physics Dept.

  • Priyanka Rupasinghe

    Williams College Physics Dept.

  • Protik Majumder

    Williams College, Williams College Physics Dept.

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• Active and Passive Interferometric Fringe Stabilization for Quantum Communications in Space

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Joseph Chapman

    Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. 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• Precision spectroscopy of the 2S-4P transition in atomic hydrogen

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Lothar Maisenbacher

    Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - 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Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. 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• Measurement of the anapole moment of 133 Cesium from Parity Non-conserving (PNC) interaction in hyperfine ground states

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Jungu Choi

    Purdue Univ

  • George Toh

    Purdue University, Purdue Univ

  • Daniel Elliott

    Purdue Univ

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• Nuclear Spin Dependent Parity Violation in Diatomic Molecules

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Emine Altuntas

    Yale University

  • Jeffrey Ammon

    Yale University

  • Sidney Cahn

    Yale University

  • David DeMille

    Yale University

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. 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Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  View abstract →

• Frequency-offset separated oscillatory fields technique

  POSTER

  Authors

  • N. Bezginov

    York University

  • A.C. Vutha

    York University

  • I. Ferchichi

    York University

  • C.H. Storry

    York University

  • E.A. Hessels

    York University

  View abstract →

• Laser Frequency Stabilization Using a Calcium Ramsey-Bord\'e Interferometer

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Judith Olson

    Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA

  • Richard Fox

    National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• New State of Fermionic Matter

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Miron Amusia

    Hebrew University, Israel \& Ioffe Physical Technical-Institute, St.Petersburg, Russia, Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University

  • Vasily Shaginyan

    Konstantinov's Institute of Nuclear Physics

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• New Prospects for Atomic Parity Violation

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Benjamin Roberts

    Univ of New South Wales

  • Vladimir Dzuba

    Univ of New South Wales, UNSW, Australia

  • Victor Flambaum

    Univ of New South Wales

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• Searching for non-Newtonian gravity at the micron scale with laser-cooled nanospheres

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Gambhir Ranjit

    University of Nevada, Reno

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  View abstract →

• QUANTUM OPTICS

  View abstract →

• Atom-surface studies with Rb Rydberg atoms

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Yuanxi Chao

    Univ of Oklahoma

  • Jiteng Sheng

    Univ of Oklahoma

  • Jonathon Sedlacek

    Univ of Oklahoma

  • James Shaffer

    Univ of Oklahoma

  View abstract →

• Generation of heralded Dicke state

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Chern Hui Lee

    Natl Univ of Singapore

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. 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    Chosun University

  • Muhammad Mohsin Qureshi

    Chosun University

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    Department of Physics, Chonnam National University, Chonnam University

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    Chosun University

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    Univ of Arkansas-Fayetteville

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    Univ of Arkansas-Fayetteville

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    Western University

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    Western University

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    Miami University

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    Miami University

  • James Clemens

    Miami University

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    Miami University

  • James Clemens

    Miami University

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    ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain, ICFO - Institute of Photonic Sciences

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    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University

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    ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain, ICFO - Institute of Photonic Sciences

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    ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain, ICFO - Institute of Photonic Sciences

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    ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain, ICFO - Institute of Photonic Sciences

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    ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain; ICREA-Instituci\'o Catalana de Recerca i, ICFO - Institute of Photonic Sciences, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain

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    Miami University

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    Miami University

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    Miami University

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    Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

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    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. 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Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  View abstract →

• Quantum Optics in the Solid State with Diamond Nanophotonics

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Nathalie de Leon

    Harvard University

  • Ruffin Evans

    Physics Department, Harvard University, Harvard University

  • Kristiaan De Greve

    Harvard University

  • Michael Goldman

    Harvard University

  • Alex High

    Harvard University

  • Matthew Markham

    Element 6, Element Six Ltd

  • Alastair Stacey

    Element Six Ltd

  • Daniel Twitchen

    Element 6, Element Six Ltd

  • Marko Loncar

    School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Harvard University

  • Hongkun Park

    Harvard University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical biology, Harvard University

  • Mikhail Lukin

    Harvard University, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Physics Department, Harvard University

  View abstract →

• Micron-Scale Magnetic Imaging of Meteorites and Early-Earth Rocks with NV Centers in Diamond

  POSTER

  Authors

  • David Glenn

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Ronald L. Walsworth

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA., Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA

  View abstract →

• Biomagnetic Imaging Applications using NV Centers in Diamond

  POSTER

  Authors

  • David Glenn

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. 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Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. 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R. 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M. 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  • Ronald L. Walsworth

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA., Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA

  View abstract →

• A compact system for single site atom loading of a neutral atom qubit array

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Brad Dinardo

    JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. 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R. 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M. 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Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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    Physics Department, Harvard University

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    Physics Department, Harvard University, Harvard University

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    Physics Department, Harvard University

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    School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University

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    Institute for Quantum Optics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Ulm University, Germany

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    Institute for Quantum Optics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Ulm University, Germany

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    Physics Department, Harvard University

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    Physics Department, Harvard University

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    Harvard University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical biology, Harvard University

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    Harvard University, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Physics Department, Harvard University

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    Univ of Maryland-College Park

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    Univ of Maryland-College Park

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    Ohio State Univ - Columbus, OSU, USA

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    Ohio State Univ - Columbus

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    The Ohio State University, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, OSU, USA

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    Miami Univ

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    Miami Univ

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    Miami Univ

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    Miami Univ

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    Miami University, Miami Univ

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    University of Connecticut

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    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - 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Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN

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• TIME-RESOLVED MOLECULAR DYNAMICS AND FEMTOCHEMISTRY

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• Real-time Dynamics of Surface Photoreactions Probed with Ultrashort XUV Pulses

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Xinlong Li

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, NY Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, NY

  • Peng Zhao

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, NY Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, NY

  • Christopher Corder

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, NY Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, NY

  • Austin Polanco

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, NY Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, NY

  • Melanie Reber

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, NY Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, NY

  • Yuning Chen

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, NY Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, NY

  • Amanda Muraca

    Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, NY

  • Matthew Kershis

    Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, NY

  • Michael White

    Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, NY

  • Thomas Allison

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, NY Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, NY

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• Probing calculated O$_2^{+}$ potential curves with an XUV--IR pump--probe experiment

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Philipp Coerlin

    Max-Planck Institute fuerKernphysik, Heidelberg

  • Andreas Fischer

    Max-Planck Institute fuer Kernphysik, Heidelberg

  • Michael Schoenwald

    Max-Planck Institute fuer Kernphysik, Heidelberg

  • Alexander Sperl

    Max-Planck Institute fuer Kernphysik, Heidelberg

  • Tomoya Mizuno

    Max-Planck Institute fuer Kernphysik, Heidelberg

  • Thomas Pfeifer

    Max-Planck Institute fuerKernphysik, Heidelberg

  • Robert Moshammer

    Max-Planck Institute fuerKernphysik, Heidelberg

  • Uwe Thumm

    Physics Department, Kansas State University, Kansas State University, Kansas State Universoty

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• Coulomb explosion imaging of bound and continuum nuclear wave packets in strong-field ionization of iodomethane

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Y. Malakar

    Kansas State University, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • M. Zohrabi

    J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • W.L. Pearson

    J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • B. Kaderiya

    J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • Kanaka Raju P.

    J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • I. Ben-Itzhak

    Kansas State University, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • D. Rolles

    J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • A. Rudenko

    Kansas State University, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

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• Strong-field induced bond rearrangement and hydrogen migration in small hydrocarbons

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Y. Malakar

    Kansas State University, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • W.L. Pearson

    J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • A. Rudenko

    Kansas State University, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

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• Probing and Manipulating Ultrafast Dynamics in Carbon Dioxide Using Multicolor Vacuum Ultraviolet Pulses

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Travis Wright

    Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. 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R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. 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M. 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  View abstract →

• Laser-Enabled Interatomic Coulomb Decay (ICD) Dynamics in Ar Dimer

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Predrag Ranitovic

    ELI-ALPS, ELI-Hu Nkft, Dugonics ter 13, Szeged H6720, Hungary

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. 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• Exploring Ultrafast Molecular Dynamics using Photoelectron Spectra from UV/XUV Pump-Probe Experiments

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Elio Champenois

    Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• VUV pump -- infrared probe studies of molecular dissociation following state-selective photoexcitation

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Y. Malakar

    Kansas State University, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • B. Kaderiya

    J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • W.L. Pearson

    J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • Kanaka Raju P.

    J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • Xiang Li

    J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA

  • Wei Cao

    J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA

  • I. Ben-Itzhak

    Kansas State University, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA 66506, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS 66506

  • A. Rudenko

    J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University Manhattan KS 66506 USA

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. 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• Density Functional study of Wigner-Smith time delays in photoionization and photorecombination of argon

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Maia Magrakvelidze

    Northwest Missouri State University

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - 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Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - 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M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. 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  View abstract →

• Attosecond delay and angular asymmetry in plasmonic photoemission of C$_{60}$

  POSTER

  Authors

  • T. Barillot

    Institut Lumiere matiere, France

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. 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Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. 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R. 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R. 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  View abstract →

• Photoionization of atoms confined in C$_{60}$ versus C$_{240}$: Giant enhancement and attosecond delay

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Maia Magrakvelidze

    Northwest Missouri State University

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. 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• Attosecond study of confinement in photoionization of xenon caged in C$_{60}$

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Maia Magrakvelidze

    Northwest Missouri State University

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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    Auburn University

  • M.S. Pindzola

    Auburn University

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    Columbia University

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    Columbia University

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    Columbia University

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    Columbia University

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    Columbia University

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    Universit\'e catholique de Louvain

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    Retired

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• Proton-hydrogen collision at cold temperatures

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    University of Toledo

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    University of Toledo

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    Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad district 188300 and Dept. of Physics, Saint Petersburg State University, Petrodvoretz 198504, Russia, Temple University

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    Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, Temple University, Department of Physics, Temple University

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    Temple University

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    York University, Canada, York University

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    Institute for Nuclear Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (ATOMKI)

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    York University

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    York University

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    Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• X-Ray Diagnostics of CUEBIT Highly Charged Ion Plasma

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    Clemson Univ

  • Amy Gall

    Clemson Univ

  • Chad Sosolik

    Clemson Univ

  • James Harriss

    Clemson Univ

  • Endre Takacs

    Clemson Univ

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    The Ohio State University

  • Chris Orban

    The Ohio State University

  • Franck Delahaye

    Observatoire de Paris

  • Marc Pinsonneault

    The Ohio State University

  • Sultana Nahar

    Ohio State Univ - Columbus, The Ohio State University, Ohio State U, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

  • Anil Pradhan

    Ohio State U, The Ohio State University, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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    Miami University

  • Phill Arndt

    Miami University

  • Burcin Bayram

    Miami University

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• Frequency Chirped Pulses at Large Detuning with an Injection-Locked Diode Laser for Atomic Physics Experiments

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  • Brian Kaufman

    Adelphi University

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Matthew Wright

    Adelphi University

  View abstract →

• Ultracold chemistry with alkali-metal--rare-earth molecules

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Constantinos Makrides

    Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, Temple University, Department of Physics, Temple University

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - 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• Jost function description of near threshold resonances

  POSTER

  Authors

  • I. Simbotin

    University of Connecticut, Department of Physics

  • D. Shu

    University of Connecticut, Department of Physics

  • Robin C\^ot\'e

    University of Connecticut - Storrs, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA

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• Rotationally inelastic collisions of He and Ar with NaK: Theory and Experiment

  POSTER

  Authors

  • K. Richter

    Lehigh University

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  View abstract →

• A neutral atom-molecular ion collider: progress towards state-to-state resolution in a chemical reaction

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Ming-Feng Tu

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University

  • Shih-Kuang Tung

    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University

  • Brian Odom

    Northwestern University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University

  View abstract →

• Rovibrational inelastic scattering in the CO-H$_ 2$ complex

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Robert Forrey

    Penn State University at Berks, Penn State - Berks

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. 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Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Multichannel Quantum Defect Theory for Exotic Cold Collisions

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Brandon Ruzic

    JILA, University of Colorado, and National Institute of Standards and Technology

  • Jisha Hazra

    University of Nevada Las Vegas, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, Univerity of Nevada Las Vegas

  • Chris H. Greene

    Purdue University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, Purdue Uniersity, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2036, Purdue Univ

  • Balakrishnan Naduvalath

    University of Nevada Las Vegas, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, UNLV

  • John Bohn

    JILA; NIST; University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA; NIST: U. of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, JILA, NIST, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and the University of Colorado

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• CN collisions with H$_2$ in full-dimension

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Benhui Yang

    University of Georgia, Univ. of Georgia

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES

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• On the Lamb shift in neutral muonic helium

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Miron Amusia

    Hebrew University, Israel \& Ioffe Physical Technical-Institute, St.Petersburg, Russia, Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University

  • Savely Karshenboim

    Max-Planck-Institute for Quantumoptik, Garching, Germany

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Relativistic all-order calculations of Th, Th$^{+}$ and Th$^{2+}$ atomic properties

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Ulyana Safronova

    University of Nevada, Reno

  • Marianna Safronova

    University of Delaware and JQI, NIST and the University of Maryland, University of Delaware and Joint Quantum Institute

  • Charles W. Clark

    Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, JQI, NIST and the University of Maryland

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• Quantum Interference due to Two-stage Coupling of Electronic States in NaCs

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Carl Faust

    Susquehanna University

  • Joshua Jones

    Colgate University

  • John Huennekens

    Lehigh University

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• Complex-scaling treatment for quantum entanglement in doubly excited helium atom

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Chien-Hao Lin

    Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Taiwan

  • Yew Kam Ho

    Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Taiwan

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• Quantum entanglement of helium atom in high-lying Rydberg states

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Li-Guang Jiao

    Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Taiwan

  • Yew Kam Ho

    Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Taiwan

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• Progress toward measuring the 6S$_{1/2}$ $\leftrightarrow$ 5D$_{3/2}$ magnetic-dipole transition moment in Ba$^{+}$

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Spencer Williams

    University of Washington

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Quantum beat spectroscopy: Stimulated emission probe of hyperfine quantum beats in the atomic cesium

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    Miami University

  • Phill Arndt

    Miami University

  • Burcin Bayram

    Miami University

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• Model Potentials for a C$_{60}$ Shell

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  • A.S. Baltenkov

    Inst. of Ion-Plasma and Laser Tech.

  • S.T. Manson

    Georgia State University

  • A.Z. Msezane

    Clark-Atlanta University

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• Unique energetic properties of Adenosine Tri-Phosphate in comparison to similar compounds using density functional theory

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    Stevens Inst of Tech

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    Stevens Inst of Tech

  • Svetlana Malinovskaya

    Stevens Institute of Technology, Stevens Inst of Tech

  • Philip Leopold

    Stevens Inst of Tech

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• Theoretical Studies of Dissociative Recombination of Electrons with SH$^+$ Ions

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    United States Military Academy

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Theoretical Characterizaiton of Visual Signatures

  POSTER

  Authors

  • D.O. Kashinski

    United States Military Academy

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - 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• The generalization of Lu-Fano plot for multi-channel atomic spectra with multiple ionization thresholds

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Xiang Gao

    Beijing Computational Science Research Center, China

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. 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Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• Longitudinal Spin Relaxation in Nitrogen-Vacancy Defect Centers in Diamond

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Pauli Kehayias

    University of California Berkeley

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

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• ABSTRACT WITHDRAWN

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• Modeling rubidium optical pumping in the intermediate buffer-gas-pressure regime

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Dale Tupa

    Los Alamos Natl Lab

  • Timothy Gay

    University of Nebraska - Lincoln

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• Suppression of Spin Noise in Diamond for improved Sensing and Imaging

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Erik Bauch

    Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA

  • Junghyun Lee

    Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA

  • Swati Singh

    ITAMP, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

  • My Linh Pham

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA

  • Keigo Arai

    Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA

  • Ronald L. Walsworth

    Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA., Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA

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• Computing Rydberg Electron Transport Rates via Classical Periodic Orbits

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Sulimon Sattari

    Univ of California - Merced

  • Kevin Mitchell

    University of California, Merced, Univ of California - Merced

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• Helium P-State Energies and Quantum Defect Analysis

  POSTER

  Authors

  • Travis Valdez

    University of Windsor

  • Rajendra Shrestha

    Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Physics, Peking University, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Quantum Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology and JQI, NIST and UMD, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, US Army Research Laboratory, National Tsing Hua University, Vilnius University, Joint Quantum Institute, JILA, CU Boulder \& NIST, Univ. Innsbruck, Univ. Strasbourg, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, University of Heidelberg, University of Vienna, IQ Hanover, Germany, Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, JILA/University of Colorado, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Northwestern University, Geometrics, Inc., Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Weizmann Institute of Science, ZARM, Universitaet Bremen, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str.1, 85748 Garching, Germany, ETH Z\"urich, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston TX, UNM, UoA, College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, Quantum Institute of Light and Atoms, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China, University of New Mexico, University of Arizona, Cornell University, Ohio State U, U of Montana, U of Groninzen, U of Nevada, LLNL, Nacional Aut\'onoma de Mexico, Louisiana State University, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Univ of Connecticut - Storrs, PULSE, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, LCLS, SLAC Linac Coherent Light Source, University of Texas at Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Augustana College, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, University of Cincinnati, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST \& Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Monash University, Aarhus University, Institute of Photonic Sciences, Barcelona, University of Oxford, NIST, USA, Department of Physics, Purdue University, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern; Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Kaiserslautern, Dept of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Denison University, Granville, OH, Universite Lille, Temple University, Duquesne University, Providence College, Denison University, Rafik Hariri Univ., Meshref, Lebanon, Lomonosov Moscow State Univ., Russia, Lehigh Univ., Bethlehem, PA, Universite Lyon 1 and CNRS (UMR 5306), France, Drake University, University of Kentucky, Illinois Wesleyan University, University of Strathclyde, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, Ohio State Univ - Columbus, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, Pulse SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, LCLS SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Uppsala University, University of Gothenburg, College of William and Mary, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei,, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua Univeristy, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, University of Aarhus, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, University of Innsbruck, Harvard University, UC Berkeley, Texas A\&M University at Qatar, Imperial College London, Tsinghua Univ, JILA, NIST, and Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Queensland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, University of Nevada, Reno, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Physics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China, Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23197, USA, Institudo de Fisica, UASLP, San Luis Potosi 78290, Mexico, TRIUMF, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A3, Canada, Physics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, JQI, Physics, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, 20742, USA, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, University of Maryland, The Wright State Research Institute, Candoo Systems, Sandia National Laboratories, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Rochester, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/UMD, Georgia Southern University, Seoul National University, University of Science and Technology of China, Renmin University of China, Peking University, Univ of Sci \& Tech of China, Department of Physics, Renmin University of China, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Washington, University of Rochester, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, East China Normal University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, University of Southampton, Keio University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Seoul Natl Univ, University of Oklahoma, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Georgia Tech Research Inst, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Inst of Tech, Univ of Chicago, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, I-10129 Torino, Italy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, CUNY, UIUC, University of Pittsburgh, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, Thomas S. Wootton High School, Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue Univeristy, Institut f\"{u}r Quantenmaterie and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology IQST, Universit\"{a}t Ulm, Physics and Astronomy Department, Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tbilisi State University, Georgia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Jila and the University of Colorado, Boulder, Purdue University, Raman Research Institute, Intel, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, ITAMP and Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Department of Physics, Harvard University, IOTA, Palaiseau, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, United States Naval Academy, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma State Univ, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Physics, LMU Munich, Germany, Leibniz Univ. Hannover, Germany, Univ. Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, Brigham Young University, School of Engineering, Charles Darwin University, Australia, National University of Singapore, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS, CNRS, JILA/ University of Colorado at Boulder, JILA, University of Colorado, NIST, University of Delaware and the Joint Quantum Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure, Department of Physics \& Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Department of Physics \& Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, The University of Tokyo, University of Hong Kong, University of Toronto, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA, JQI and QuICS, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Universit\"at Kassel, Germany, Imperial College London, UK, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD, Duke University, University of Illinois, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, College Park, Maryland 20742, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max-Born-Institut Berlin, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Heidelberg, Germany, Universit\"{a}t Rostock, Germany, Politecnico di Milano, Italy, IFN-CNR, Milano, Italy, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, Spain, Universit\`a di Trieste, Italy, IFN-CNR, Padova, Italy, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, QUB, UK, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Wegelerstra{\ss}e 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB30HE, United Kingdom, HISKP, University of Bonn Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, The Institute of Photonic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Illinois State University, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Northumbria University, University of Windsor, Western Michigan University and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of West Georgia, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany, Australian National University, University of North Alabama, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras and Jain University, Bangalore, Jain University, Bangalore, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Jain University, Bangalore and Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Queen's University Belfast, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, UC Davis, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Frankfurt University, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Georgia State University, Dublin City University, Physics department, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Departments of Applied Science and Chemistry, Davis, Chemical Sciences and Ultrafast X-ray Science Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague Technick\'{a}, Czech Republic, JILA and Department of Physics, University of Colorado and NIST, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Division of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan, Physics Department, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan, School of Mathematical Science, University of Nottingham, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, and Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Sciences, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, University of Kansas, National Taiwan University, Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Taiwan, Laboratorium f\"ur Physikalische Chemie, ETH Z\"urich, College of Charleston, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) - Boulder, Harvard Univ, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Iowa State University, University of Southern California, University of California, Berkeley, Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg, Russia, MIT, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics, the Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, Department of Physics, California State University - East Bay, Hayward, California 94542-3084, USA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., State Polytechnic University, Old Dominion University, Amherst College, Aalto University, Washington State University, gil.summy@okstate.edu, Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston MA 02125, Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado Boulder, University of Cambridge, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, JQI, NIST, and University of Maryland, The University of Chicago, JQI, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, KRISS, Physics Dept., Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-3800, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Univ of Michigan, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Battelle Memorial Institute, Centre for Quantum Technologies, NUS, Argonne National Laboratory, Stony Brook University, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, The Ohio State University, Peking University, Beijing, China, Voronezh State University, Russia, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dayton, USA, OSU, OSU / Intense Energy Solutions, LLC., OSU / ISSI, Univ. of Michigan / ISSI, ISSI, Fellow, National Research Council, USA, Institute of Physics ASCR, Helmholtz Institut Jena, LULI, Institut f{\"u}r Kernphysik, Technische Universitt Darmstadt, CLF, RAL, Queens University Belfast, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, TU Berlin, LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Department of Physics, UCONN, Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Max-Planck-Advanced Study Group at CFEL, DESY, Chemical Sciences \& Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, CFEL, DESY and Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, Institute of Physics, Bijenicka cesta 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Department of Physics, University of Zagreb, Bijenicka cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Univ of California - Los Angeles, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Quantum Metrology Laboratory, Japan, University of Delaware, The University of New South Wales, Australia, California State University - East Bay, Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Michigan State University, Yale University, MIT Lincoln Lab, National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA, Sandial National Laboratories, USA, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, JQI, Dept. of Physics, UMD, and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, Naval Research Laboratory, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit\'es, 11, pl. M. Berthelot, Paris, France, University of Michigan, Dept. of Physics, NIST - Boulder, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Dept. of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, Joint Quantum Institute, Dept. of Physics, UMD and NIST, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Colby College, University of Virginia, Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, NIST/University of Maryland, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Pi5 IQST University of Stuttgart, University of Kaiserslautern, Rice Univ, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401 USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, School of Natural Science \& ISIS Institute for Science and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hampshire College, U of Washington, JILA, University of Florence, INRIM Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Sciences, INO Istituto Nazionale di Ottica del CNR, LENS European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Colorado School of Mines, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA., LKB, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universit{\'e}s, Coll{\`e}ge de France, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris, France, Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52900 Israel, Russian Quantum Center, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, JILA, NIST, Helmholtz Institute, JGU, Mainz, Germany, University of California Berkeley, Tsinghua University, Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, Universit\'{e} Montpellier II, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, University of Washingon, Pulkovo Observatory, St. Petersburg, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Penn State Berks, ILM Universit\'{e} Lyon 1, Moravian College, Department of Physics, Temple University, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Instituto de F\'{i}sica Fundamental, IFF-CSIC, Theoretical Division (T-1, MS B221), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Adelphi University, Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications, Northwest Missouri State University, QEERI, Doha, Qatar, MBI, Berlin, Germany, Stockholm University, Sweden., Lund University, Sweden, Chimie des materiaux, France, Institut Lumiere matiere, France, MBI, Berlin, Germany; Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, UK, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, D-60486, Germany, Chemical Sciences Division, LBNL, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan, Department of Applied Science and Technology, UC Berkeley, JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, SRI International Sarnoff, ColdQuanta, Inc, Quantum Diamond Technologies, Inc., MIT Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Natl Univ of Singapore, Stanford University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, USA, Time and Frequency Division Centro Nacional de Metrolog\'ia, Quer\'etaro, M\'exico, U.S. Coast Guard Academy, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics Garching, Lebedev Physical Institute Moscow, Department of Physics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Chicago, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, Tel Aviv University, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Johannesburg, South Africa, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, CAS, Harvard University, ITAMP, Bryn Mawr College, Ursinus College, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, CA, UCLA, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA, Department of Physical Chemistry and the Fritz Haber Research Center for Molecular Dynamics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel, Department of Physics, ORT-Braude College, P.O. Box 78, 21982 Karmiel, Israel, Middlebury College, QCD Labs, COMP Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 13500, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, Univeristy of Hong Kong, National Research Council of Canada, Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, and National Institute of Standards and Technology, TU Kaiserslautern, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany, Center for Optical Quantum Technologies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, SUNY Stony Brook, Simon Fraser University, Swarthmore College, University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, JILA, NIST, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, NIST, JILA, Dept. of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, St-Petersburg State Polytechnic University, Duke University Physics Department and Fitzpatrick Institute for Photonics, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401 USA, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology; Institute for Complex Quantum Systems, Universit\"at Ulm, D-89069 Ulm, Germany, MPQ Garching, SNS Pisa, Univ of Oklahoma, Politecnico di Torino, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Sophia University, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, CNRS, Laboratoire Aim\'e Cotton (France), University of Michigan, Observatoire de Paris, Muedon, France, Univ Autonoma de Madrid, University of Central Florida, Friedrich-Schiller Universit\"at, University of Tsukuba, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, Oberlin College, TwinLeaf Inc., Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS, Center for Axion and Precision Physics, IBS and KAIST, University of Victoria and Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Gravitational-Wave Physics and Astronomy Center, California State University Fullerton, Center for Gravitation, Cosmology, and Astrophysics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University and University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Poland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, York University, University of Basque Country, Harvard, Shanghai University, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland Department of Physics and National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST, Boulder, Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem, ITAMP, Harvard University, Princeton University, Departamento de Qu\'imica, M\'odulo 13, Universidad Aut\'onoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Grupo de F\'isica At\'omica y Molecular, Instituto de F\'isica, Universidad de Antioquia, AA1226 Medell\'in, Colombia, JILA, NIST, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, and Physics Department, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, Univ of Colorado - Boulder

  • Gordon W.F. Drake

    University of Windsor

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• New Measurement of Singly Ionized Selenium Spectra by High Resolution Fourier Transform and Grating Spectroscopy

  ORAL

  Authors

  • Noman Hala

    Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

  • G. Nave

    National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA

  • A. Kramida

    National Institute of Standards and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA

  • T. Ahmad

    Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

  • Sultana Nahar

    Ohio State Univ - Columbus, The Ohio State University, Ohio State U, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

  • Anil Pradhan

    Ohio State U, The Ohio State University, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

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• Polarization spectroscopy of the sodium dimer utilizing a triple-resonance technique in the presence of argon

  ORAL

  Authors

  • Phill Arndt

    Miami University

  • Timothy Horton

    Miami University

  • Jacob McFarland

    Miami University

  • Burcin Bayram

    Miami University

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